Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease

Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
7. Patients with chronic kidney disease experience an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease related to (select all that apply)
a. hypertension.
b. vascular calcifications.
c. a genetic predisposition.
d. hyperinsulinemia causing dyslipidemia.
e. increased high-density lipoprotein levels
8. Nutritional support and management are essential across the
entire continuum of chronic kidney disease. Which statements
would be considered true related to nutritional therapy (select all
that apply)?
a. Fluid is not usually restricted for patients receiving peritoneal
dialysis.
b. Sodium and potassium may be restricted in someone with
advanced CKD.
c. Decreased fluid intake and a low potassium diet are hallmarks
of the diet for a patient receiving hemodialysis.
d. Decreased fluid intake and a low potassium diet are hallmarks
of the diet for a patient receiving peritoneal dialysis.
e. Increased fluid intake and a diet with potassium-rich foods are
hallmarks of a diet for a patient receiving hemodialysis.
9. An ESKD patient receiving hemodialysis is considering asking a
relative to donate a kidney for transplantation. In assisting the
patient to make a decision about treatment, the nurse informs the
patient that
a. successful transplantation usually provides better quality of life
than that offered by dialysis.
b. if rejection of the transplanted kidney occurs, no further treatment for the renal failure is available.
c. hemodialysis replaces the normal functions of the kidneys, and
patients do not have to live with the continual fear of rejection.
d. the immunosuppressive therapy following transplantation
makes the person ineligible to receive other forms of treatment
if the kidney fails.
10. To assess the patency of a newly placed arteriovenous graft for
dialysis, the nurse should (select all that apply)
a. monitor the BP in the affected arm.
b. irrigate the graft daily with low-dose heparin.
c. palpate the area of the graft to feel a normal thrill.
d. listen with a stethoscope over the graft to detect a bruit.
e. frequently monitor the pulses and neurovascular status distal
to the graft.
11. A major advantage of peritoneal dialysis is
a. the diet is less restricted and dialysis can be performed at home.
b. the dialysate is biocompatible and causes no long-term consequences.
c. high glucose concentrations of the dialysate cause a reduction
in appetite, promoting weight loss.
d. no medications are required because of the enhanced efficiency
of the peritoneal membrane in removing toxins.
12. A kidney transplant recipient complains of having fever, chills,
and dysuria over the past 2 days. What is the first action that the
nurse should take?
a. Assess temperature and initiate workup to rule out infection.
b. Reassure the patient that this is common after transplantation.
c. Provide warm cover for the patient and give 1 g acetaminophen
orally.
d. Notify the nephrologist that the patient has developed symptoms of acute rejection.