Assessing layers of the alimentary canal

Assessing layers of the alimentary canal
Emulsification is the name of the process carried out by:
A. lipase
B. bile
C. micelles
D. lacteals
Answer is B: Bile contains “surfactants” which congregate on the interface
between lipid and water and so prevent small droplets of fat from aggregating
into larger ones (=emulsification).
57. The pH of the stomach and the pH of the small intestine are BEST described
(respectively) as:
A. acidic and alkaline/basic
B. strongly acidic and weakly alkaline/basic
C. acidic and weakly alkaline/basic
D. strongly acidic and strongly alkaline/basic
Answer is B: The pH of the stomach contents is about 2 (strongly acidic),
while the pH of small intestine is about 8 (weakly alkaline). Thus B is the best
answer.
58. What feature do procarboxypeptidase, pepsinogen, fibrinogen, chymotryp-
sinogen have in common?
A. they are all enzymes.
B. they are all produced by the pancreas.
C. they are all inactive.
D. they all digest proteins.
Answer is C: The prefix and suffix “pro-” and “-ogen” refer to these mole-
cules needing modification to become enzymes. In their present form they are
inactive.
59. Which layer of the alimentary canal is responsible for absorbing the products
of digestion?
A. muscularis interna
B. mucosa
C. serosa
D. submucosa
Answer is B: The mucosal layer is in closest proximity to the contents of the
canal and digested material must pass through it.
60. Protein is digested to polypeptides by which of the following?
A. pepsinogen
B. intrinsic fact
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